The visual qualification of monitor is done with test image similar to SMPTE or TG18-OIQ from DIN 6868-157. This test image should be displayed in full format on the monitor so that a 1:1 image is obtained. Enlargement or reduction of a static image is not permitted. Therefore it is recommended to use a program which can display the test images in fullscreen and 1:1 (one pixel of the image is displayed on one pixel of the monitor).
Kowotest developed a special test program for displays based on the Screentest program from YXLON from the year 2004. The program is for free and you may get it as ZIP file from this thread. The "F1" button shows the help function. I recommend to ensure that one pixel of the image is displayed on one pixel of the monitor (bypass the Windows scaling function). How to do is described in the help function of the program.

With the test image the monitor "sharpness" and ability to display sufficient contrast in the dark, medium and bright area is evaluated.
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If you get an error message when you start the KowoDisplayTest.exe, you may need the Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Service Pack 1 Redistributable Package in x86 version to run the KowoDisplayTest.exe successfully.
Here is the link to the Microsoft Page with this package: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download...s.aspx?id=26368
Select the x86 version (vcredist_x86.exe with 4.3 MB File Size) . Don't be tempted to download the x64 version - it will not work .

With the letter a the spatial resolution test is done. The line pair areas are five times in the test image, in the center and in the four corners.
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If you see on the right side at the 100% contrast area other shades of gray than black and white, you should disable the Windows scaling function for this program.
The right side shows in the upper row 100% contrast with one pixel distance between two lines. The two boxes have vertical and horizontal lines. In the next row the lines have 2 pixel width and in the lowest row 3 pixel.
If you can't see the 1 pixel width lines you should think about scaling your monitor to 200% - the features you may have to see on the monitor may be just a pixel width (line a crack in a weld). Be careful, scaling factors of 125% or other non integer values may create artifacts in the image and may spoil the evaluation! Have a look at the thread Windows scaling for high resolution monitors.

On the left side all the lines have a width of 2 pixel. The upper row have only 2 gray values difference, the next row 4 gray values and the lowest 8 gray values. This area of the test image is evaluating the performance of the monitor for small features with low contrast.

Hint: The requirements in DIN 6868-157 are much stronger; the low contrast gray values differ just by 2 gray values and have a width of one or two pixels only.

The test with the letters b to e are the basic contrast tests - if 5% contrast difference is visible. This is the basic test in a lot of standards.
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In the boxes b and c are vertical lines with two pixel width and 5% difference to black or white. In the boxes d and e are squares with about half of the size of the box with 5% difference to black or white.

Hint: The picture here is enhanced in contrast to enable also on a standard monitor to see what you should see.

The test with the letter f should indicate problems with high contrast edges. If you see no blooming, it is good. There is a block block on a white ground and a white block on a black ground. Have a look at both of them.
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and g shows a wedge with the luminance steps with are indicated with the numbers left beside the wedges. The amount of steps could be changed with <ALT>s in the test program. When the program starts you will have 256 and 128 steps on the wedges.

The test with the letter h is based on the idea of DIN 6868-157. There are three areas (black, gray, white) with the text "QUALITY CONTROL"; the contrast of the letters decrease.
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I expect that you can read more letters in the medium and bright areas and have difficulties with the black area. This is a "features" of the human eye.
The similar image in the test program offers numbers with a "random" distribution.
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Here is - with increased contrast - the same area again and marked with Black Gray and White area:
AreaH_WithNumbers.png - Bild entfernt (keine Rechte)
In the program the numbers in the black area have double the contrast compared to the gray and white area - and still most monitors show less numbers here compared to the other areas.