There are mainly 5 different types of Standards in ASTM E07:

Guide: an organized collection of information or series of options that does not recommend a specific course of action.
A guide increases the awareness of information and approaches in a given subject area

Practice: a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations that does not produce a test result.
Examples of practices include, but are not limited to: Application, assessment, cleaning, collection, decontamination, inspection, installation, preparation, sampling, screening, and training.

Test Method: a definitive procedure that produces a test result.
Examples of a test method include, but are not limited to: Identification, measurement, and evaluation of one or more qualities, characteristics, or properties. A precision and bias statement shall be reported at the end of the test method.

Classification: a systematic arrangement or devision of materials, products, systems, or services into groups based on similar characteristics such as origin, composition, properties, or use.

Specification: an explicit set of requirements to be satisfied by a material, product, system, or service.

Hint: Discussion in blue color

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Best Regards
Klaus